Comparison of Haemodynamic responses of clonidine and higher dose of Nalbuphine during laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation in laparoscopic cholecystectomy operation: an observational study

Abstract

Background: Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation are essential for patients undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia, which invariably is associated with certain cardiovascular changes such as tachycardia, rise in blood pressure and a wide variety of cardiac arrhythmias. The study was conducted to compare the effect of intravenous nalbuphine (0.4mg/kg) and clonidine (2μg/kg) during laryngoscopy and intubation on haemodynamic responses. Methods: The present hospital based observational study was conducted in the Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, Burdwan, West Bengal, India between February 2021 and August 2022. Patients who was admitted for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in department of General Surgery who was scheduled forsurgery fulfiilling the requisite criteria. Statistical data were analysed by using Microsoft Excel and SPSS V.20 software. Results: The study included 22 patients in each group. The mean age of the patients ofgroup C was 35.59±9.220 years and the mean age of the patients of group Nwas38.18±9.674years. The mean duration of surgery in the patients of group C was 85.82±4.837 minutes and the mean duration of surgery in the patients of group N was 84.09±4.363 minutes. The heart rates in both groups started reducing from the baseline as the anesthesia progressed. The systolic blood pressure in both groups started reducing from the baseline as the anesthesia progressed. The diastolic blood pressure in both groups started reducing from the baseline as the anesthesia progressed. The SPO2 in group N started slightly reducing from the baseline as the anesthesia progressed and came to normal. The respiratory rates in both groups started reducing from the baseline as the anesthesia progressed and came to normal. Conclusion: Clonidine (2 μg/kg) was more effective in reducing the hemodynamic changes of laryngoscopy and intubation than nalbuphine (0.4mg/kg), when administered as premedication before induction.

Keywords: Haemodynamic responses, clonidine, Nalbuphine, laryngoscopy, cholecystectomy