Prevalence of adult congenital cardiac disease: report from a tertiary care center

Abstract

Background: The term "congenital cardiac disease (CCD)" refers to birth defects of the heart that are typically identified within the first year of life. Most patients had their diagnoses delayed due to a lack of knowledge, the absence of, or the limited availability of cardiac care services. It is possible to lessen the impact of adult CCD with better diagnostics and earlier therapeutic interventions. Objectives: This study aimed to ascertain the prevalence and distribution of congenital heart disease among adult patients at a tertiary care institution in Uttarakhand state. Materials and Methods: Patients older than 18 who sought care at the cardiology clinic were screened for congenital heart disease with electrocardiograms (ECGs), echocardiograms, and chest X-rays. Results: The baseline characteristics of 315 research respondents by gender are shown in Table 1. Men averaged 25.62 years (±6.51) and women 23.58 years (±4.95), with no significant age difference (p=0.068). Male heart failure was 28% higher than female (9.28%, p=0.047). Females (45.71%) had more palpitations/rhythm disorders than males (17.71%, p=0.069). Asymptomatic/Murmur Evaluation and Cyanosis were similar. Men and women had similar hypertension rates (p=0.085). Basic characteristics and admission factors differed by gender. Conclusion: The data regarding the prevalence of adult congenital cardiac disease will be useful in formulating policy for early diagnosis and management of CCD. It will also help in assessing the risk factors for the treatment of complications of adult CCD.