Clinical and angiographic profile of very young adults presenting with first acute myocardial infarction: A study from tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Introduction: “Coronary artery disease (CAD)”, a primary cause of death worldwide, is rising in India due to a shift from communicable to non-communicable diseases. Though rarer, young adults can be affected, causing physical, psychological, and financial problems. Lifestyle, genetics, and substance misuse are risk factors, and young and older patients have different angiographic profiles and treatment techniques. Effective management and prognosis need to understand these issues. Aims and objectives: This study was done retrospectively to evaluate and analyze the clinical and angiographic profile of the young patients less than 35 years presenting as acute myocardial infarction.  Method: The retrospective study at Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, India, analyzed 104 Acute Myocardial Infarction patients from August 2022 to Aug 2023. Patients underwent angiography, with data analyzed by gender. Inclusion criteria: history of acute MI, angiography, specialist examination. Exclusion: chronic non-cardiological conditions, incomplete specialist diagnosis. Statistical analysis used SPSS 25, ANOVA, mean/SD for continuous data, frequency/percentage for discrete data (p<0.05 significance level). Result: Risk factors were male gender (90%), dyslipidemia, and smoking (29.3%). Anterior wall myocardial infarction (AWMI) was the most common presentation (82.9%) with obstructive CAD noted in 61% cases frequently due to LAD coronary artery involvement  was more common  Conclusion: The study has concluded that Acute Myocardial Infarction is more commin in male population with smoking as most important risk factor.