Analysis of Risk Factors for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in the use of Intraoperative Remifentanil at Dr. Soetomo Hospital

Abstract

Objectives: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common complications that can have negative effects on patients, such as increasing hospital stay and trauma from subsequent surgeries and anesthesia. Remifentanil is a fast-acting opioid analgesic used during anesthesia and is believed to cause less PONV compared to other opioids. Therefore, study aims to analyze the incidence and risk factors of PONV with the use of intraoperative remifentanil at Dr. Soetomo Regional General Hospital, Surabaya.

Methodology: This was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design of patients who underwent general anesthesia and received intraoperative remifentanil during surgery at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital in Surabaya. Data from medical records were collected, including age, gender, PONV status, type of surgery, smoking status, and remifentanil dose range. The data were then analyzed using Easy R (EZR).

Results: Of the 50 patients who received intraoperative remifentanil, 5 (10.0%) patients experienced PONV. The highest incidence of PONV was in the group undergoing head and neck surgery (33.3%), non-smokers (22.7%), women (29.4%), those aged 17-25 years (37.5%), those aged 26-35 years (28.6%), and a remifentanil dose range of 0.16-0.20 μg/kg/min (66,7%). In this study, non-smoking, female gender, young age (17-25 years old), and high dosage range were significantly associated with postoperative nausea and vomiting (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Non-smokers, women, young age, and high dosage range were associated with PONV in the use of intraoperative remifentanil at Dr. Soetomo general hospital. However, further studies are required to confirm these findings