Preoperative strategies to achieve zero rate of surgical site infection in patients undergoing elective surgical procedures: A prospective Observational study

Abstract

Background: A surgical site infection (SSI) is an infection that developed after surgical procedures in the area of the human body where the procedure operated. infections occur in approximately 0.5% to 3% of patients undergoing surgery. Therefore, this study aimed to prevent the SSI rate by achieving a zero rate for patients undergoing elective surgical procedures.

Patients and methods: Prospective data collected, observational study design, the data were collected for the cases preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperatively. The incidence of SSI was assessed after 7,14, and 30 days of follow-up.

Results: The mean age was 38.4±21.6 years. 58.8% of cases were male, and 41.2% were female, 44.9% underwent surgeries under general anesthesia, 36.5% underwent surgeries under local anesthesia, 15.9% under spinal anesthesia, and 1.5% under topical anesthesia. Regarding surgical site marking sheet, 33.8% did not mark their surgical site, 14.6% of cases underwent right eye surgery site marking, 12.7% underwent left eye surgery site marking, 6.3% underwent left knee surgery site marking. Regarding the preoperative preparation, 18.2% of cases were administered prophylaxis, 50.6% of cases underwent preoperative clipping, all cases underwent preoperative bathing and using new instrument for closure. There was no incidence of SSI in any cases during follow up in 7, 14, and 30 days.

Conclusion: Prophylaxis administration, preoperative clipping, bathing, and using a New Instrument for closure were all associated with zero incidence of SSI among cases undergoing elective surgeries.