Evaluation of success rate of dental implants in patients with oral lichen planus and oral leukoplakia

Abstract

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral leukoplakia (OL) are chronic conditions that can complicate dental treatments, including dental implant placement. This study aims to evaluate the success rate of dental implants in patients diagnosed with OLP and OL, comparing it to the general population.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 100 patients, 50 with OLP and 50 with OL, who received dental implants between January 2015 and December 2020. The control group comprised 100 patients without any oral lesions. Clinical parameters, including implant survival rate, peri-implant bone loss, and peri-implantitis incidence, were assessed over a follow-up period of 3 years. Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square and t-tests to determine significant differences between groups.

Results: The overall implant survival rate was 85% in the OLP group, 88% in the OL group, and 95% in the control group. The mean peri-implant bone loss was significantly higher in the OLP group (2.5 ± 0.8 mm) compared to the OL group (1.8 ± 0.5 mm) and the control group (1.2 ± 0.3 mm) (p < 0.05). The incidence of peri-implantitis was 20% in the OLP group, 15% in the OL group, and 10% in the control group.

Conclusion: Dental implants in patients with OLP and OL show a lower success rate compared to patients without these conditions. However, with careful monitoring and management, satisfactory outcomes can still be achieved. Clinicians should be aware of the increased risks and plan treatments accordingly to mitigate complications.

Keywords: Oral lichen planus, oral leukoplakia, dental implants, implant success rate, peri-implantitis, peri-implant bone loss.