To Study the Demographics and Surgical Outcomes of Patients with Posterior Polar Cataract
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Abstract
Background: Posterior polar cataracts (PPC) are a unique type of congenital cataract that pose an increased risk of intraoperative complications due to posterior capsule weakness. Understanding the demographics and surgical outcomes of patients with PPC is crucial for improving surgical strategies and patient care. This study aimed to investigate the demographics and surgical outcomes of PPC patients undergoing cataract surgery.
Method: A total of 45 patients diagnosed with PPC were recruited from outpatient clinic of Department of Ophthalmology between February 2022 and January 2024. Data on demographics, laterality, refractive error, and systemic comorbidities were recorded. Preoperative evaluations included visual acuity, slit-lamp examinations, and intraocular pressure measurement. Intraoperative details, including surgical techniques and complications, were documented. Postoperative follow-up visits at 1-day, 1-week, 1-month, 3-months, 6-months, and 1-year assessed visual acuity and recorded complications.
Results: The mean age of patients was 68.4 years with slight male predominance (53.33%). Common comorbidities included diabetes (32%) and hypertension (45%). Phacoemulsification was used in 92% of cases. Intraoperative complications included posterior capsule rupture (12%), vitreous loss (5%), and zonular dehiscence (1%). Visual acuity improved significantly in 78% of patients at one week, 85% at one month, and 88% at three months. Postoperative complications included posterior capsule opacification (20%) and cystoid macular edema (7%).
Conclusion: PPC surgery poses significant challenges, but proper surgical techniques and careful management of comorbidities can lead to improved visual outcomes. Younger age and the absence of comorbidities are associated with better outcomes, while surgeon experience and patient counseling are essential to optimizing surgical success.
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