Parental Awareness and Attitudes Towards Antibiotic Use in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pediatric Primary Care Settings
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Abstract
Background: Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health concern, particularly in pediatric care, where antibiotics are frequently overused or misused. Parents play a critical role in influencing healthcare decisions, especially regarding antibiotic use for their children. This study aims to assess parental awareness, attitudes, and expectations toward antibiotic use in children in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire administered to 400 parents or guardians of children aged 0 to 12 years in pediatric primary care settings. The questionnaire assessed parental knowledge about antibiotic use, attitudes toward antibiotic prescriptions, and expectations from healthcare providers.
Results: The majority of parents (77%) correctly identified that antibiotics are effective against bacterial infections, while only 35% knew that antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections. Parents aged 26-35 years demonstrated the highest knowledge scores. Education level was significantly associated with antibiotic knowledge (p < 0.001), with university-educated parents showing better awareness. Additionally, 58% of parents believed that antibiotics were often over-prescribed, and 93% expected healthcare providers to clearly explain the reasons for prescribing or withholding antibiotics.
Conclusions: The findings reveal significant gaps in parental knowledge about the appropriate use of antibiotics, particularly regarding their ineffectiveness for viral infections. Public health campaigns and enhanced communication from healthcare providers are necessary to address these gaps and promote responsible antibiotic use, ultimately helping to mitigate the risk of antibiotic resistance.
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